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KMID : 1094720150200020304
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Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering
2015 Volume.20 No. 2 p.304 ~ p.314
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Nitric-acid hydrolysis of Miscanthus giganteus to sugars fermented to bioethanol
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Yang Fuxin
Afzal Waheed
Cheng Kun
Liu Nian
Pauly Markus
Bell Alexis T.
Liu Zhigang
Prausnitz John M.
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Abstract
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Miscanthus giganteus (M. giganteus) is a promising feedstock for the production of bioethanol or biochemicals. Using only dilute nitric acid, this work describes a two-step process for hydrolyzing hemicellulose and cellulose to fermentable sugars. Primary variables were temperature and reaction time. The solid-to-liquid mass ratio was 1:8. No enzymes were used. In the first step, M. giganteus was contacted with 0.5 wt.% nitric acid at temperatures between 120 and 160°C for 5 to 40 min. The second step used 0.5 or 0.75 wt.% nitric acid at temperatures between 180 and 210°C for less than 6 min. Under selected conditions, almost all hemicellulose and 58% cellulose were transferred to the liquid phase. Small amounts of degradation products were observed. The xylose solution obtained from the nitric-acid hydrolysis was fermented for 96 h and the glucose solution for 48 h to yield 0.41 g ethanol/g xylose and 0.46 g ethanol/g glucose. To characterize residual solids and the liquor from both steps, nuclear-magneticresonance (NMR) spectroscopy was performed for each fraction. The analytical data indicate that the liquid phase from Steps 1 and 2 contain little lignin or lignin derivatives.
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KEYWORD
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Miscanthus giganteus, dilute-nitric-acid hydrolysis, two-step process, fermentation, analysis with NMR
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